The original South African Integrated Resource Plan (IRP 2010) aimed for substantial energy expansion, with nuclear power, coal, renewables, and other sources planned for significant capacity growth. However, the 2019 Revised IRP scaled down nuclear expansion while boosting renewable energy, reflecting changing sentiments in the energy sector.

Critics, particularly anti-nuclear advocates, have influenced the energy policy discourse, notably in recent documents like "South Africa’s Just Energy Transition Investment Plan (JET IP)." This plan inadequately addresses the envisioned nuclear expansion, despite historical evidence suggesting the role of reliable and affordable electricity in driving past industrial successes.

South Africa's planning failures in the energy sector have led to a sharp decline in GDP per capita, soaring unemployment, and food insecurity for millions. While some argue for a 'greening' of the energy sector, others stress the criticality of restoring competitive advantage through reliable, cost-effective electricity to revive industries.

The debate over baseload capacity, provided by continuous power sources, remains pivotal. Renewable sources like wind and solar can't fulfil this need, sparking arguments among baseload denialists. However, dismissing the necessity of baseload power due to deindustrialization is shortsighted, given its importance in supporting substantial electricity demand.

The nation faces challenges with its coal-based electricity generation due to environmental concerns and international carbon regulations. Transitioning from coal to alternative options like LNG-operated plants raises economic and environmental considerations but fails to meet global emission reduction targets.

Amidst these discussions, the focus on nuclear power emerges as a viable alternative. The cost-effectiveness, reliability, and potential technological advancements make nuclear power a compelling option to meet South Africa's future energy demands. The global push to triple nuclear power capacity and EU initiatives favouring low-carbon technologies reinforce the case for nuclear energy.

Further exploration of Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) by global leaders like ROSATOM suggests that smaller, more adaptable nuclear solutions could offer strategic advantages for South Africa's grid expansion and industrial resurgence. Such reactors could potentially replace aging coal-fired power stations and secure electricity availability in critical urban and industrial centers.

Ultimately, achieving a robust national grid capacity, pivotal for economic growth and industrial revitalization, seems improbable without a significant investment in nuclear power generation.